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Troubleshooting Geo (PREMIUM SELF)

Setting up Geo requires careful attention to details, and sometimes it's easy to miss a step.

Here is a list of steps you should take to attempt to fix problem:

  1. Perform basic troubleshooting.
  2. Fix any PostgreSQL database replication errors.
  3. Fix any common errors.
  4. Fix any non-PostgreSQL replication failures.

Basic troubleshooting

Before attempting more advanced troubleshooting:

Check the health of the secondary site

On the primary site:

  1. On the left sidebar, expand the top-most chevron ({chevron-down}).
  2. Select Admin Area.
  3. On the left sidebar, select Geo > Sites.

We perform the following health checks on each secondary site to help identify if something is wrong:

  • Is the site running?
  • Is the secondary site's database configured for streaming replication?
  • Is the secondary site's tracking database configured?
  • Is the secondary site's tracking database connected?
  • Is the secondary site's tracking database up-to-date?
  • Is the secondary site's status less than 10 minutes old?

Geo health check

A site shows as "Unhealthy" if the site's status is more than 10 minutes old. In that case, try running the following in the Rails console on the affected secondary site:

Geo::MetricsUpdateWorker.new.perform

If it raises an error, then the error is probably also preventing the jobs from completing. If it takes longer than 10 minutes, then there may be a performance issue, and the UI may always show "Unhealthy" even if the status eventually does get updated.

If it successfully updates the status, then something may be wrong with Sidekiq. Is it running? Do the logs show errors? This job is supposed to be enqueued every minute and might not run if a job deduplication idempotency key was not cleared properly. It takes an exclusive lease in Redis to ensure that only one of these jobs can run at a time. The primary site updates its status directly in the PostgreSQL database. Secondary sites send an HTTP Post request to the primary site with their status data.

A site also shows as "Unhealthy" if certain health checks fail. You can reveal the failure by running the following in the Rails console on the affected secondary site:

Gitlab::Geo::HealthCheck.new.perform_checks

If it returns "" (an empty string) or "Healthy", then the checks succeeded. If it returns anything else, then the message should explain what failed, or show the exception message.

For information about how to resolve common error messages reported from the user interface, see Fixing Common Errors.

If the user interface is not working, or you are unable to sign in, you can run the Geo health check manually to get this information and a few more details.

Health check Rake task

The use of a custom NTP server was introduced in GitLab 15.7.

This Rake task can be run on a Rails node in the primary or secondary Geo sites:

sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:geo:check

Example output:

Checking Geo ...

GitLab Geo is available ... yes
GitLab Geo is enabled ... yes
This machine's Geo node name matches a database record ... yes, found a secondary node named "Shanghai"
GitLab Geo tracking database is correctly configured ... yes
Database replication enabled? ... yes
Database replication working? ... yes
GitLab Geo HTTP(S) connectivity ...
* Can connect to the primary node ... yes
HTTP/HTTPS repository cloning is enabled ... yes
Machine clock is synchronized ... yes
Git user has default SSH configuration? ... yes
OpenSSH configured to use AuthorizedKeysCommand ... yes
GitLab configured to disable writing to authorized_keys file ... yes
GitLab configured to store new projects in hashed storage? ... yes
All projects are in hashed storage? ... yes

Checking Geo ... Finished

You can also specify a custom NTP server using environment variables. For example:

sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:geo:check NTP_HOST="ntp.ubuntu.com" NTP_TIMEOUT="30"

The following environment variables are supported.

Variable Description Default value
NTP_HOST The NTP host. pool.ntp.org
NTP_PORT The NTP port the host listens on. ntp
NTP_TIMEOUT The NTP timeout in seconds. The value defined in the net-ntp Ruby library (60 seconds).

Sync status Rake task

Current sync information can be found manually by running this Rake task on any node running Rails (Puma, Sidekiq, or Geo Log Cursor) on the Geo secondary site.

GitLab does not verify objects that are stored in Object Storage. If you are using Object Storage, you will see all of the "verified" checks showing 0 successes. This is expected and not a cause for concern.

sudo gitlab-rake geo:status

The output includes:

  • a count of "failed" items if any failures occurred
  • the percentage of "succeeded" items, relative to the "total"

Example:

http://secondary.example.com/
-----------------------------------------------------
                        GitLab Version: 14.9.2-ee
                              Geo Role: Secondary
                         Health Status: Healthy
                          Repositories: succeeded 12345 / total 12345 (100%)
                 Verified Repositories: succeeded 12345 / total 12345 (100%)
                                 Wikis: succeeded 6789 / total 6789 (100%)
                        Verified Wikis: succeeded 6789 / total 6789 (100%)
                           Attachments: succeeded 4 / total 4 (100%)
                      CI job artifacts: succeeded 0 / total 0 (0%)
                   Design repositories: succeeded 1 / total 1 (100%)
                           LFS Objects: failed 1 / succeeded 2 / total 3 (67%)
                   Merge Request Diffs: succeeded 0 / total 0 (0%)
                         Package Files: failed 1 / succeeded 2 / total 3 (67%)
              Terraform State Versions: failed 1 / succeeded 2 / total 3 (67%)
                  Snippet Repositories: failed 1 / succeeded 2 / total 3 (67%)
               Group Wiki Repositories: succeeded 4 / total 4 (100%)
                    Pipeline Artifacts: failed 3 / succeeded 0 / total 3 (0%)
                     Pages Deployments: succeeded 0 / total 0 (0%)
                  Repositories Checked: failed 5 / succeeded 0 / total 5 (0%)
                Package Files Verified: succeeded 0 / total 10 (0%)
     Terraform State Versions Verified: succeeded 0 / total 10 (0%)
         Snippet Repositories Verified: succeeded 99 / total 100 (99%)
           Pipeline Artifacts Verified: succeeded 0 / total 10 (0%)
                         Sync Settings: Full
              Database replication lag: 0 seconds
       Last event ID seen from primary: 12345 (about 2 minutes ago)
               Last event ID processed: 12345 (about 2 minutes ago)
                Last status report was: 1 minute ago

There are up to three statuses for each item. For example, for Repositories, you see the following lines:

  Repositories: succeeded 12345 / total 12345 (100%)
  Verified Repositories: succeeded 12345 / total 12345 (100%)
  Repositories Checked: failed 5 / succeeded 0 / total 5 (0%)

The 3 status items are defined as follows:

  • The Repositories output shows how many repositories are synced from the primary to the secondary.
  • The Verified Repositories output shows how many repositories on this secondary have a matching repository checksum with the Primary.
  • The Repositories Checked output shows how many repositories have passed a local Git repository check (git fsck) on the secondary.

To find more details about failed items, check the gitlab-rails/geo.log file

If you notice replication or verification failures, you can try to resolve them.

If there are Repository check failures, you can try to resolve them.

Check if PostgreSQL replication is working

To check if PostgreSQL replication is working, check if:

Are sites pointing to the correct database node?

You should make sure your primary Geo site points to the database node that has write permissions.

Any secondary sites should point only to read-only database nodes.

Can Geo detect the current site correctly?

Geo finds the current Puma or Sidekiq node's Geo site name in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb with the following logic:

  1. Get the "Geo node name" (there is an issue to rename the settings to "Geo site name"):
    • Linux package: get the gitlab_rails['geo_node_name'] setting.
    • GitLab Helm charts: get the global.geo.nodeName setting (see Charts with GitLab Geo).
  2. If that is not defined, then get the external_url setting.

This name is used to look up the Geo site with the same Name in the Geo Sites dashboard.

To check if the current machine has a site name that matches a site in the database, run the check task:

sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:geo:check

It displays the current machine's site name and whether the matching database record is a primary or secondary site.

This machine's Geo node name matches a database record ... yes, found a secondary node named "Shanghai"
This machine's Geo node name matches a database record ... no
  Try fixing it:
  You could add or update a Geo node database record, setting the name to "https://example.com/".
  Or you could set this machine's Geo node name to match the name of an existing database record: "London", "Shanghai"
  For more information see:
  doc/administration/geo/replication/troubleshooting.md#can-geo-detect-the-current-node-correctly

For more information about recommended site names in the description of the Name field, see Geo Admin Area Common Settings.

Reverify all uploads (or any SSF data type which is verified)

  1. SSH into a GitLab Rails node in the primary Geo site.
  2. Open Rails console.
  3. Mark all uploads as "pending verification":

WARNING: Commands that change data can cause damage if not run correctly or under the right conditions. Always run commands in a test environment first and have a backup instance ready to restore.

Upload.verification_state_table_class.each_batch do |relation|
  relation.update_all(verification_state: 0)
end
  1. This causes the primary to start checksumming all Uploads.
  2. When a primary successfully checksums a record, then all secondaries recalculate the checksum as well, and they compare the values.

A similar thing can be done for all Models handled by the Geo Self-Service Framework which have implemented verification:

  • LfsObject
  • MergeRequestDiff
  • Packages::PackageFile
  • Terraform::StateVersion
  • SnippetRepository
  • Ci::PipelineArtifact
  • PagesDeployment
  • Upload
  • Ci::JobArtifact
  • Ci::SecureFile

NOTE: GroupWikiRepository is not in the previous list since verification is not implemented. There is an issue to implement this functionality in the Admin Area UI.

Message: WARNING: oldest xmin is far in the past and pg_wal size growing

If a replication slot is inactive, the pg_wal logs corresponding to the slot are reserved forever (or until the slot is active again). This causes continuous disk usage growth and the following messages appear repeatedly in the PostgreSQL logs:

WARNING: oldest xmin is far in the past
HINT: Close open transactions soon to avoid wraparound problems.
You might also need to commit or roll back old prepared transactions, or drop stale replication slots.

To fix this:

  1. Connect to the primary database.

  2. Run SELECT * FROM pg_replication_slots;. Note the slot_name that reports active as f (false).

  3. Follow the steps to remove that Geo site.

Fixing errors found when running the Geo check Rake task

When running this Rake task, you may see error messages if the nodes are not properly configured:

sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:geo:check

  • Rails did not provide a password when connecting to the database.

    Checking Geo ...

GitLab Geo is available ... Exception: fe_sendauth: no password supplied
GitLab Geo is enabled ... Exception: fe_sendauth: no password supplied
...
Checking Geo ... Finished

    Ensure you have the gitlab_rails['db_password'] set to the plain-text password used when creating the hash for postgresql['sql_user_password'].

  • Rails is unable to connect to the database.

    Checking Geo ...

GitLab Geo is available ... Exception: FATAL:  no pg_hba.conf entry for host "1.1.1.1",  user "gitlab", database "gitlabhq_production", SSL on
FATAL:  no pg_hba.conf entry for host "1.1.1.1", user "gitlab", database "gitlabhq_production", SSL off
GitLab Geo is enabled ... Exception: FATAL:  no pg_hba.conf entry for host "1.1.1.1", user "gitlab", database "gitlabhq_production", SSL on
FATAL:  no pg_hba.conf entry for host "1.1.1.1", user "gitlab", database "gitlabhq_production", SSL off
...
Checking Geo ... Finished

    Ensure you have the IP address of the rails node included in postgresql['md5_auth_cidr_addresses']. Also, ensure you have included the subnet mask on the IP address: postgresql['md5_auth_cidr_addresses'] = ['1.1.1.1/32'].

  • Rails has supplied the incorrect password.

    Checking Geo ...
GitLab Geo is available ... Exception: FATAL:  password authentication failed for user "gitlab"
FATAL:  password authentication failed for user "gitlab"
GitLab Geo is enabled ... Exception: FATAL:  password authentication failed for user "gitlab"
FATAL:  password authentication failed for user "gitlab"
...
Checking Geo ... Finished

    Verify the correct password is set for gitlab_rails['db_password'] that was used when creating the hash in postgresql['sql_user_password'] by running gitlab-ctl pg-password-md5 gitlab and entering the password.

  • Check returns not a secondary node.

    Checking Geo ...

GitLab Geo is available ... yes
GitLab Geo is enabled ... yes
GitLab Geo tracking database is correctly configured ... not a secondary node
Database replication enabled? ... not a secondary node
...
Checking Geo ... Finished

    Ensure you have added the secondary site in the Main menu > Admin > Geo > Sites on the web interface for the primary site. Also ensure you entered the gitlab_rails['geo_node_name'] when adding the secondary site in the Admin Area of the primary site. In GitLab 12.3 and earlier, edit the secondary site in the Admin Area of the primary site and ensure that there is a trailing / in the Name field.

  • Check returns Exception: PG::UndefinedTable: ERROR: relation "geo_nodes" does not exist.

    Checking Geo ...

GitLab Geo is available ... no
  Try fixing it:
  Add a new license that includes the GitLab Geo feature
  For more information see:
  https://about.gitlab.com/features/gitlab-geo/
GitLab Geo is enabled ... Exception: PG::UndefinedTable: ERROR:  relation "geo_nodes" does not exist
LINE 8:                WHERE a.attrelid = '"geo_nodes"'::regclass
                                           ^
:               SELECT a.attname, format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
                     pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid), a.attnotnull, a.atttypid, a.atttypmod,
                     c.collname, col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum) AS comment
                FROM pg_attribute a
                LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d ON a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND a.attnum = d.adnum
                LEFT JOIN pg_type t ON a.atttypid = t.oid
                LEFT JOIN pg_collation c ON a.attcollation = c.oid AND a.attcollation <> t.typcollation
               WHERE a.attrelid = '"geo_nodes"'::regclass
                 AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
               ORDER BY a.attnum
...
Checking Geo ... Finished

    When performing a PostgreSQL major version (9 > 10), update this is expected. Follow the initiate-the-replication-process.

  • Rails does not appear to have the configuration necessary to connect to the Geo tracking database.

    Checking Geo ...

GitLab Geo is available ... yes
GitLab Geo is enabled ... yes
GitLab Geo tracking database is correctly configured ... no
Try fixing it:
Rails does not appear to have the configuration necessary to connect to the Geo tracking database. If the tracking database is running on a node other than this one, then you may need to add configuration.
...
Checking Geo ... Finished

Message: Machine clock is synchronized ... Exception

The Rake task attempts to verify that the server clock is synchronized with NTP. Synchronized clocks are required for Geo to function correctly. As an example, for security, when the server time on the primary site and secondary site differ by about a minute or more, requests between Geo sites fail. If this check task fails to complete due to a reason other than mismatching times, it does not necessarily mean that Geo will not work.

The Ruby gem which performs the check is hard coded with pool.ntp.org as its reference time source.

  • Exception message Machine clock is synchronized ... Exception: Timeout::Error

    This issue occurs when your server cannot access the host pool.ntp.org.

  • Exception message Machine clock is synchronized ... Exception: No route to host - recvfrom(2)

    This issue occurs when the hostname pool.ntp.org resolves to a server which does not provide a time service.

In this case, in GitLab 15.7 and newer, specify a custom NTP server using environment variables.

In GitLab 15.6 and older, use one of the following workarounds:

  • Add entries in /etc/hosts for pool.ntp.org to direct the request to valid local time servers. This fixes the long timeout and the timeout error.
  • Direct the check to any valid IP address. This resolves the timeout issue, but the check fails with the No route to host error, as noted above.

Cloud native GitLab deployments generate an error because containers in Kubernetes do not have access to the host clock:

Machine clock is synchronized ... Exception: getaddrinfo: Servname not supported for ai_socktype

Message: ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PG::ReadOnlySqlTransaction: ERROR: cannot execute INSERT in a read-only transaction

When this error is encountered on a secondary site, it likely affects all usages of GitLab Rails such as gitlab-rails or gitlab-rake commands, as well the Puma, Sidekiq, and Geo Log Cursor services.

ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PG::ReadOnlySqlTransaction: ERROR:  cannot execute INSERT in a read-only transaction
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/models/application_record.rb:86:in `block in safe_find_or_create_by'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/models/concerns/cross_database_modification.rb:92:in `block in transaction'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database.rb:332:in `block in transaction'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/lib/gitlab/database.rb:331:in `transaction'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/models/concerns/cross_database_modification.rb:83:in `transaction'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/models/application_record.rb:86:in `safe_find_or_create_by'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/models/shard.rb:21:in `by_name'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/models/shard.rb:17:in `block in populate!'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/models/shard.rb:17:in `map'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/app/models/shard.rb:17:in `populate!'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/config/initializers/fill_shards.rb:9:in `<top (required)>'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/config/environment.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `load'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>'

The PostgreSQL read-replica database would be producing these errors:

2023-01-17_17:44:54.64268 ERROR:  cannot execute INSERT in a read-only transaction
2023-01-17_17:44:54.64271 STATEMENT:  /*application:web,db_config_name:main*/ INSERT INTO "shards" ("name") VALUES ('storage1') RETURNING "id"

This situation can occur during initial configuration when a secondary site is not yet aware that it is a secondary site.

To resolve the error, follow Step 3. Add the secondary site.

Fixing PostgreSQL database replication errors

The following sections outline troubleshooting steps for fixing replication error messages (indicated by Database replication working? ... no in the geo:check output.

Message: ERROR: replication slots can only be used if max_replication_slots > 0?

This means that the max_replication_slots PostgreSQL variable needs to be set on the primary database. This setting defaults to 1. You may need to increase this value if you have more secondary sites.

Be sure to restart PostgreSQL for this to take effect. See the PostgreSQL replication setup guide for more details.

Message: FATAL: could not start WAL streaming: ERROR: replication slot "geo_secondary_my_domain_com" does not exist?

This occurs when PostgreSQL does not have a replication slot for the secondary site by that name.

You may want to rerun the replication process on the secondary site .

Message: "Command exceeded allowed execution time" when setting up replication?

This may happen while initiating the replication process on the secondary site, and indicates your initial dataset is too large to be replicated in the default timeout (30 minutes).

Re-run gitlab-ctl replicate-geo-database, but include a larger value for --backup-timeout:

sudo gitlab-ctl \
   replicate-geo-database \
   --host=<primary_node_hostname> \
   --slot-name=<secondary_slot_name> \
   --backup-timeout=21600

This gives the initial replication up to six hours to complete, rather than the default 30 minutes. Adjust as required for your installation.

Message: "PANIC: could not write to file pg_xlog/xlogtemp.123: No space left on device"

Determine if you have any unused replication slots in the primary database. This can cause large amounts of log data to build up in pg_xlog. Removing the unused slots can reduce the amount of space used in the pg_xlog.

  1. Start a PostgreSQL console session:

    sudo gitlab-psql

    NOTE: Using gitlab-rails dbconsole does not work, because managing replication slots requires superuser permissions.

  2. View your replication slots:

    SELECT * FROM pg_replication_slots;

Slots where active is f are not active.

  • When this slot should be active, because you have a secondary site configured using that slot, sign in on the web interface for the secondary site and check the PostgreSQL logs to view why the replication is not running.

  • If you are no longer using the slot (for example, you no longer have Geo enabled), you can remove it with in the PostgreSQL console session:

    SELECT pg_drop_replication_slot('<name_of_extra_slot>');

Message: "ERROR: canceling statement due to conflict with recovery"

This error message occurs infrequently under typical usage, and the system is resilient enough to recover.

However, under certain conditions, some database queries on secondaries may run excessively long, which increases the frequency of this error message. This can lead to a situation where some queries never complete due to being canceled on every replication.

These long-running queries are planned to be removed in the future, but as a workaround, we recommend enabling hot_standby_feedback. This increases the likelihood of bloat on the primary site as it prevents VACUUM from removing recently-dead rows. However, it has been used successfully in production on GitLab.com.

To enable hot_standby_feedback, add the following to /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb on the secondary site:

postgresql['hot_standby_feedback'] = 'on'

Then reconfigure GitLab:

sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

To help us resolve this problem, consider commenting on the issue.

Message: FATAL: could not connect to the primary server: server certificate for "PostgreSQL" does not match host name

This happens because the PostgreSQL certificate that the Linux package automatically creates contains the Common Name PostgreSQL, but the replication is connecting to a different host and GitLab attempts to use the verify-full SSL mode by default.

To fix this issue, you can either:

  • Use the --sslmode=verify-ca argument with the replicate-geo-database command.
  • For an already replicated database, change sslmode=verify-full to sslmode=verify-ca in /var/opt/gitlab/postgresql/data/gitlab-geo.conf and run gitlab-ctl restart postgresql.
  • Configure SSL for PostgreSQL with a custom certificate (including the host name that's used to connect to the database in the CN or SAN) instead of using the automatically generated certificate.

Message: LOG: invalid CIDR mask in address

This happens on wrongly-formatted addresses in postgresql['md5_auth_cidr_addresses'].

2020-03-20_23:59:57.60499 LOG:  invalid CIDR mask in address "***"
2020-03-20_23:59:57.60501 CONTEXT:  line 74 of configuration file "/var/opt/gitlab/postgresql/data/pg_hba.conf"

To fix this, update the IP addresses in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb under postgresql['md5_auth_cidr_addresses'] to respect the CIDR format (for example, 10.0.0.1/32).

Message: LOG: invalid IP mask "md5": Name or service not known

This happens when you have added IP addresses without a subnet mask in postgresql['md5_auth_cidr_addresses'].

2020-03-21_00:23:01.97353 LOG:  invalid IP mask "md5": Name or service not known
2020-03-21_00:23:01.97354 CONTEXT:  line 75 of configuration file "/var/opt/gitlab/postgresql/data/pg_hba.conf"

To fix this, add the subnet mask in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb under postgresql['md5_auth_cidr_addresses'] to respect the CIDR format (for example, 10.0.0.1/32).

Message: Found data in the gitlabhq_production database! when running gitlab-ctl replicate-geo-database

This happens if data is detected in the projects table. When one or more projects are detected, the operation is aborted to prevent accidental data loss. To bypass this message, pass the --force option to the command.

In GitLab 13.4, a seed project is added when GitLab is first installed. This makes it necessary to pass --force even on a new Geo secondary site. There is an issue to account for seed projects when checking the database.

Message: Synchronization failed - Error syncing repository

WARNING: If large repositories are affected by this problem, their resync may take a long time and cause significant load on your Geo sites, storage and network systems.

If you see the error message Synchronization failed - Error syncing repository along with fatal: fsck error in packed object, this indicates a consistency check error when syncing the repository.

One example of a consistency error is: error: object f4a87a3be694fbbd6e50a668a31a8513caeaafe3: hasDotgit: contains '.git.

Removing the malformed objects causing consistency errors require rewriting the repository history, which is not always an option. However, it's possible to override the consistency checks instead. To do that, follow the instructions in the Gitaly docs.

You can also get the error message Synchronization failed - Error syncing repository along with the following log messages, this indicates that the expected geo remote is not present in the .git/config file of a repository on the secondary Geo site's file system:

{
  "created": "@1603481145.084348757",
  "description": "Error received from peer unix:/var/opt/gitlab/gitaly/gitaly.socket",
  …
  "grpc_message": "exit status 128",
  "grpc_status": 13
}
{  …
  "grpc.request.fullMethod": "/gitaly.RemoteService/FindRemoteRootRef",
  "grpc.request.glProjectPath": "<namespace>/<project>",
  …
  "level": "error",
  "msg": "fatal: 'geo' does not appear to be a git repository
          fatal: Could not read from remote repository. …",
}

To solve this:

  1. Sign in on the web interface for the secondary Geo site.

  2. Back up the .git folder.

  3. Optional. Spot-check a few of those IDs whether they indeed correspond to a project with known Geo replication failures. Use fatal: 'geo' as the grep term and the following API call:

    curl --request GET --header "PRIVATE-TOKEN: <your_access_token>" "https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/projects/<first_failed_geo_sync_ID>"

  4. Enter the Rails console and run:

    failed_geo_syncs = Geo::ProjectRegistry.failed.pluck(:id)
failed_geo_syncs.each do |fgs|
  puts Geo::ProjectRegistry.failed.find(fgs).project_id
end

  5. Run the following commands to reset each project's Geo-related attributes and execute a new sync:

    failed_geo_syncs.each do |fgs|
  registry = Geo::ProjectRegistry.failed.find(fgs)
  registry.update(resync_repository: true, force_to_redownload_repository: false, repository_retry_count: 0)
  Geo::RepositorySyncService.new(registry.project).execute
end

Very large repositories never successfully synchronize on the secondary site

GitLab 10.1 and earlier

GitLab places a timeout on all repository clones, including project imports and Geo synchronization operations. If a fresh git clone of a repository on the primary takes more than the default three hours, you may be affected by this.

To increase the timeout:

  1. On the Sidekiq nodes on your secondary site, add the following line to /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb:

    gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_git_timeout'] = 14400

  2. Reconfigure GitLab:

    sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

This increases the timeout to four hours (14400 seconds). Choose a time long enough to accommodate a full clone of your largest repositories.

GitLab 10.2 and later

Geo replicates Git repositories over HTTPS. GitLab does not place a timeout on these requests. If a Git repository is failing to replicate, with a consistent job execution time, then you should check for timeouts applied by external components such as load balancers.

New LFS objects are never replicated

If new LFS objects are never replicated to secondary Geo sites, check the version of GitLab you are running. GitLab versions 11.11.x or 12.0.x are affected by a bug that results in new LFS objects not being replicated to Geo secondary sites.

To resolve the issue, upgrade to GitLab 12.1 or later.

Failures during backfill

During a backfill, failures are scheduled to be retried at the end of the backfill queue, therefore these failures only clear up after the backfill completes.

Resetting Geo secondary site replication

If you get a secondary site in a broken state and want to reset the replication state, to start again from scratch, there are a few steps that can help you:

  1. Stop Sidekiq and the Geo LogCursor.

    It's possible to make Sidekiq stop gracefully, but making it stop getting new jobs and wait until the current jobs to finish processing.

    You need to send a SIGTSTP kill signal for the first phase and them a SIGTERM when all jobs have finished. Otherwise just use the gitlab-ctl stop commands.

    gitlab-ctl status sidekiq
# run: sidekiq: (pid 10180) <- this is the PID you will use
kill -TSTP 10180 # change to the correct PID

gitlab-ctl stop sidekiq
gitlab-ctl stop geo-logcursor

    You can watch the Sidekiq logs to know when Sidekiq jobs processing has finished:

    gitlab-ctl tail sidekiq

  2. Rename repository storage folders and create new ones. If you are not concerned about possible orphaned directories and files, you can skip this step.

    mv /var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories /var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories.old
mkdir -p /var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories
chown git:git /var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories

    NOTE: You may want to remove the /var/opt/gitlab/git-data/repositories.old in the future as soon as you confirmed that you don't need it anymore, to save disk space.

  3. Optional. Rename other data folders and create new ones.

    WARNING: You may still have files on the secondary site that have been removed from the primary site, but this removal has not been reflected. If you skip this step, these files are not removed from the Geo secondary site.

    Any uploaded content (like file attachments, avatars, or LFS objects) is stored in a subfolder in one of these paths:

    • /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared
    • /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads

    To rename all of them:

    gitlab-ctl stop

mv /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared.old
mkdir -p /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/shared

mv /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads.old
mkdir -p /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/uploads

gitlab-ctl start postgresql
gitlab-ctl start geo-postgresql

    Reconfigure to recreate the folders and make sure permissions and ownership are correct:

    gitlab-ctl reconfigure

  4. Reset the Tracking Database.

    WARNING: If you skipped the optional step 3, be sure both geo-postgresql and postgresql services are running.

    gitlab-rake db:drop:geo DISABLE_DATABASE_ENVIRONMENT_CHECK=1   # on a secondary app node
gitlab-ctl reconfigure     # on the tracking database node
gitlab-rake db:migrate:geo # on a secondary app node

  5. Restart previously stopped services.

    gitlab-ctl start

Design repository failures on mirrored projects and project imports

  1. On the left sidebar, expand the top-most chevron ({chevron-down}).
  2. Select Admin Area.
  3. On the left sidebar, select Geo > Sites.

If the Design repositories progress bar shows Synced and Failed greater than 100%, and negative Queued, the instance is likely affected by a bug in GitLab 13.2 and 13.3. It was fixed in GitLab 13.4 and later.

To determine the actual replication status of design repositories in a Rails console:

secondary = Gitlab::Geo.current_node
counts = {}
secondary.designs.select("projects.id").find_each do |p|
  registry = Geo::DesignRegistry.find_by(project_id: p.id)
  state = registry ? "#{registry.state}" : "registry does not exist yet"
  # puts "Design ID##{p.id}: #{state}" # uncomment this for granular information
  counts[state] ||= 0
  counts[state] += 1
end
puts "\nCounts:", counts

Example output:

Design ID#5: started
Design ID#6: synced
Design ID#7: failed
Design ID#8: pending
Design ID#9: synced

Counts:
{"started"=>1, "synced"=>2, "failed"=>1, "pending"=>1}

Example output if there are actually zero design repository replication failures:

Design ID#5: synced
Design ID#6: synced
Design ID#7: synced

Counts:
{"synced"=>3}

If you are promoting a Geo secondary site running on a single node

gitlab-ctl promotion-preflight-checks fails due to the existence of failed rows in the geo_design_registry table. Use the previous snippet to determine the actual replication status of Design repositories.

gitlab-ctl promote-to-primary-node fails since it runs preflight checks. If the previous snippet shows that all designs are synced, you can use the --skip-preflight-checks option or the --force option to move forward with promotion.

If you are promoting a Geo secondary site running on multiple servers

gitlab-ctl promotion-preflight-checks fails due to the existence of failed rows in the geo_design_registry table. Use the previous snippet to determine the actual replication status of Design repositories.

Sync failure message: "Verification failed with: Error during verification: File is not checksummable"

Missing files on the Geo primary site

In GitLab 14.5 and earlier, certain data types which were missing on the Geo primary site were marked as "synced" on Geo secondary sites. This was because from the perspective of Geo secondary sites, the state matched the primary site and nothing more could be done on secondary sites.

Secondaries would regularly try to sync these files again by using the "verification" feature:

  • Verification fails since the file doesn't exist.
  • The file is marked "sync failed".
  • Sync is retried.
  • The file is marked "sync succeeded".
  • The file is marked "needs verification".
  • Repeat until the file is available again on the primary site.

This can be confusing to troubleshoot, since the registry entries are moved through a logical loop by various background jobs. Also, last_sync_failure and verification_failure are empty after "sync succeeded" but before verification is retried.

If you see sync failures repeatedly and alternately increase, while successes decrease and vice versa, this is likely to be caused by missing files on the primary site. You can confirm this by searching geo.log on secondary sites for File is not checksummable affecting the same files over and over.

After confirming this is the problem, the files on the primary site need to be fixed. Some possible causes:

  • An NFS share became unmounted.
  • A disk died or became corrupted.
  • Someone unintentionally deleted a file or directory.
  • Bugs in GitLab application:
    • A file was moved when it shouldn't have been moved.
    • A file wasn't moved when it should have been moved.
    • A wrong path was generated in the code.
  • A non-atomic backup was restored.
  • Services or servers or network infrastructure was interrupted/restarted during use.

The appropriate action sometimes depends on the cause. For example, you can remount an NFS share. Often, a root cause may not be apparent or not useful to discover. If you have regular backups, it may be expedient to look through them and pull files from there.

In some cases, a file may be determined to be of low value, and so it may be worth deleting the record.

Geo itself is an excellent mitigation for files missing on the primary. If a file disappears on the primary but it was already synced to the secondary, you can grab the secondary's file. In cases like this, the File is not checksummable error message does not occur on Geo secondary sites, and only the primary logs this error message.

This problem is more likely to show up in Geo secondary sites which were set up long after the original GitLab site. In this case, Geo is only surfacing an existing problem.

This behavior affects only the following data types through GitLab 14.6:

Data type From version
Package Registry 13.10
CI Pipeline Artifacts 13.11
Terraform State Versions 13.12
Infrastructure Registry (renamed to Terraform Module Registry in GitLab 15.11) 14.0
External MR diffs 14.6
LFS Objects 14.6
Pages Deployments 14.6
Uploads 14.6
CI Job Artifacts 14.6

Since GitLab 14.7, files that are missing on the primary site are now treated as sync failures to make Geo visibly surface data loss risks. The sync/verification loop is therefore short-circuited. last_sync_failure is now set to The file is missing on the Geo primary site.

Failed syncs with GitLab-managed object storage replication

There is an issue in GitLab 14.2 through 14.7 that affects Geo when the GitLab-managed object storage replication is used, causing blob object types to fail synchronization.

Since GitLab 14.2, verification failures result in synchronization failures and cause a re-synchronization of these objects.

As verification is not implemented for files stored in object storage (see issue 13845 for more details), this results in a loop that consistently fails for all objects stored in object storage.

You can work around this by marking the objects as synced and succeeded verification, however be aware that can also mark objects that may be missing from the primary.

To do that, enter the Rails console and run:

Gitlab::Geo.verification_enabled_replicator_classes.each do |klass|
  updated = klass.registry_class.failed.where(last_sync_failure: "Verification failed with: Error during verification: File is not checksummable").update_all(verification_checksum: '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000', verification_state: 2, verification_failure: nil, verification_retry_at: nil, state: 2, last_sync_failure: nil, retry_at: nil, verification_retry_count: 0, retry_count: 0)
  pp "Updated #{updated} #{klass.replicable_name_plural}"
end

Message: curl 18 transfer closed with outstanding read data remaining & fetch-pack: unexpected disconnect while reading sideband packet

Unstable networking conditions can cause Gitaly to fail when trying to fetch large repository data from the primary site. This is more likely to happen if a repository has to be replicated from scratch between sites.

Geo retries several times, but if the transmission is consistently interrupted by network hiccups, an alternative method such as rsync can be used to circumvent git and create the initial copy of any repository that fails to be replicated by Geo.

We recommend transferring each failing repository individually and checking for consistency after each transfer. Follow the single target rsync instructions to transfer each affected repository from the primary to the secondary site.

Fixing errors during a failover or when promoting a secondary to a primary site

The following are possible error messages that might be encountered during failover or when promoting a secondary to a primary site with strategies to resolve them.

Message: ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Name has already been taken

When promoting a secondary site, you might encounter the following error message:

Running gitlab-rake geo:set_secondary_as_primary...

rake aborted!
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Name has already been taken
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/ee/lib/tasks/geo.rake:236:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/ee/lib/tasks/geo.rake:221:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `load'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => geo:set_secondary_as_primary
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

You successfully promoted this node!

If you encounter this message when running gitlab-rake geo:set_secondary_as_primary or gitlab-ctl promote-to-primary-node, either:

  • Enter a Rails console and run:

    Rails.application.load_tasks; nil
Gitlab::Geo.expire_cache!
Rake::Task['geo:set_secondary_as_primary'].invoke

  • Upgrade to GitLab 12.6.3 or later if it is safe to do so. For example, if the failover was just a test. A caching-related bug was fixed.

Message: ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Enabled Geo primary node cannot be disabled

If you disabled a secondary site, either with the replication pause task (GitLab 13.2) or by using the user interface (GitLab 13.1 and earlier), you must first re-enable the site before you can continue. This is fixed in GitLab 13.4.

This can be fixed in the database.

  1. Start a database console:

    In GitLab 14.2 and later:

    sudo gitlab-rails dbconsole --database main

    In GitLab 14.1 and earlier:

    sudo gitlab-rails dbconsole

  2. Run the following command, replacing https://<secondary url>/ with the URL for your secondary node. You can use either http or https, but ensure that you end the URL with a slash (/):

    UPDATE geo_nodes SET enabled = true WHERE url = 'https://<secondary url>/' AND enabled = false;"

    This should update one row.

Message: NoMethodError: undefined method `secondary?' for nil:NilClass

When promoting a secondary site, you might encounter the following error message:

sudo gitlab-rake geo:set_secondary_as_primary

rake aborted!
NoMethodError: undefined method `secondary?' for nil:NilClass
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/ee/lib/tasks/geo.rake:232:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/ee/lib/tasks/geo.rake:221:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `load'
/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/bundle:23:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => geo:set_secondary_as_primary
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

This command is intended to be executed on a secondary site only, and this error message is displayed if you attempt to run this command on a primary site.

Message: sudo: gitlab-pg-ctl: command not found

When promoting a secondary site with multiple nodes, you need to run the gitlab-pg-ctl command to promote the PostgreSQL read-replica database.

In GitLab 12.8 and earlier, this command fails with the message:

sudo: gitlab-pg-ctl: command not found

In this case, the workaround is to use the full path to the binary, for example:

sudo /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/gitlab-pg-ctl promote

GitLab 12.9 and later are unaffected by this error message.

Message: ERROR - Replication is not up-to-date during gitlab-ctl promotion-preflight-checks

In GitLab 13.7 and earlier, if you have a data type with zero items to sync, this command reports ERROR - Replication is not up-to-date even if replication is actually up-to-date. This bug was fixed in GitLab 13.8 and later.

Message: ERROR - Replication is not up-to-date during gitlab-ctl promote-to-primary-node

In GitLab 13.7 and earlier, if you have a data type with zero items to sync, this command reports ERROR - Replication is not up-to-date even if replication is actually up-to-date. If replication and verification output shows that it is complete, you can add --skip-preflight-checks to make the command complete promotion. This bug was fixed in GitLab 13.8 and later.

Errors when using --skip-preflight-checks or --force

In GitLab 13.4 and earlier, you could receive one of the following error messages when using --skip-preflight-checks or --force:

get_ctl_options': invalid option: --skip-preflight-checks (OptionParser::InvalidOption)

get_ctl_options': invalid option: --force (OptionParser::InvalidOption)

This can happen with XFS or file systems that list files in lexical order, because the load order of the Linux package command files can be different than expected, and a global function would get redefined. More details can be found in the related issue.

The workaround is to manually run the preflight checks and promote the database, by running the following commands on the Geo secondary site:

sudo gitlab-ctl promotion-preflight-checks
sudo /opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/gitlab-pg-ctl promote
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
sudo gitlab-rake geo:set_secondary_as_primary

Expired artifacts

If you notice for some reason there are more artifacts on the Geo secondary site than on the Geo primary site, you can use the Rake task to cleanup orphan artifact files.

On a Geo secondary site, this command also cleans up all Geo registry record related to the orphan files on disk.

Fixing sign in errors

Message: The redirect URI included is not valid

If you are able to sign in to the web interface for the primary site, but you receive this error message when attempting to sign in to a secondary web interface, you should verify the Geo site's URL matches its external URL.

On the primary site:

  1. On the left sidebar, expand the top-most chevron ({chevron-down}).
  2. Select Admin Area.
  3. On the left sidebar, select Geo > Sites.
  4. Find the affected secondary site and select Edit.
  5. Ensure the URL field matches the value found in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb in external_url "https://gitlab.example.com" on the Rails nodes of the secondary site.

Authenticating with SAML on the secondary site always lands on the primary site

This problem is usually encountered when upgrading to GitLab 15.1. To fix this problem, see configuring instance-wide SAML in Geo with Single Sign-On.

Fixing common errors

This section documents common error messages reported in the Admin Area on the web interface, and how to fix them.

Geo database configuration file is missing

GitLab cannot find or doesn't have permission to access the database_geo.yml configuration file.

In a Linux package installation, the file should be in /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/etc. If it doesn't exist or inadvertent changes have been made to it, run sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure to restore it to its correct state.

If this path is mounted on a remote volume, ensure your volume configuration has the correct permissions.

An existing tracking database cannot be reused

Geo cannot reuse an existing tracking database.

It is safest to use a fresh secondary, or reset the whole secondary by following Resetting Geo secondary site replication.

Geo site has a database that is writable which is an indication it is not configured for replication with the primary site

This error message refers to a problem with the database replica on a secondary site, which Geo expects to have access to. It usually means, either:

  • An unsupported replication method was used (for example, logical replication).
  • The instructions to set up a Geo database replication were not followed correctly.
  • Your database connection details are incorrect, that is you have specified the wrong user in your /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb file.

Geo secondary sites require two separate PostgreSQL instances:

  • A read-only replica of the primary site.
  • A regular, writable instance that holds replication metadata. That is, the Geo tracking database.

This error message indicates that the replica database in the secondary site is misconfigured and replication has stopped.

To restore the database and resume replication, you can do one of the following:

If you set up a new secondary from scratch, you must also remove the old site from the Geo cluster.

Geo site does not appear to be replicating the database from the primary site

The most common problems that prevent the database from replicating correctly are:

  • Secondary sites cannot reach the primary site. Check credentials and firewall rules.
  • SSL certificate problems. Make sure you copied /etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json from the primary site.
  • Database storage disk is full.
  • Database replication slot is misconfigured.
  • Database is not using a replication slot or another alternative and cannot catch-up because WAL files were purged.

Make sure you follow the Geo database replication instructions for supported configuration.

Geo database version (...) does not match latest migration (...)

If you are using the Linux package installation, something might have failed during upgrade. You can:

  • Run sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure.
  • Manually trigger the database migration by running: sudo gitlab-rake db:migrate:geo as root on the secondary site.

GitLab indicates that more than 100% of repositories were synced

This can be caused by orphaned records in the project registry. You can clear them using the Rake task to remove orphaned project registries.

Geo Admin Area returns 404 error for a secondary site

Sometimes sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:geo:check indicates that Rails nodes of the secondary sites are healthy, but a 404 Not Found error message for the secondary site is returned in the Geo Admin Area on the web interface for the primary site.

To resolve this issue:

  • Try restarting each Rails, Sidekiq and Gitaly nodes on your secondary site using sudo gitlab-ctl restart.
  • Check /var/log/gitlab/gitlab-rails/geo.log on Sidekiq nodes to see if the secondary site is using IPv6 to send its status to the primary site. If it is, add an entry to the primary site using IPv4 in the /etc/hosts file. Alternatively, you should enable IPv6 on the primary site.

Secondary site returns 502 errors with Geo proxying

When Geo proxying for secondary sites is enabled, and the secondary site user interface returns 502 errors, it is possible that the response header proxied from the primary site is too large.

Check the NGINX logs for errors similar to this example:

2022/01/26 00:02:13 [error] 26641#0: *829148 upstream sent too big header while reading response header from upstream, client: 10.0.2.2, server: geo.staging.gitlab.com, request: "POST /users/sign_in HTTP/2.0", upstream: "http://unix:/var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-workhorse/sockets/socket:/users/sign_in", host: "geo.staging.gitlab.com", referrer: "https://geo.staging.gitlab.com/users/sign_in"

To resolve this issue:

  1. Set nginx['proxy_custom_buffer_size'] = '8k' in /etc/gitlab.rb on all web nodes on the secondary site.
  2. Reconfigure the secondary using sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure.

If you still get this error, you can further increase the buffer size by repeating the steps above and changing the 8k size, for example by doubling it to 16k.

Geo Admin Area shows 'Unknown' for health status and 'Request failed with status code 401'

If using a load balancer, ensure that the load balancer's URL is set as the external_url in the /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb of the nodes behind the load balancer.

Geo Admin Area shows 'Unhealthy' after enabling Maintenance Mode

In GitLab 13.9 through GitLab 14.3, when GitLab Maintenance Mode is enabled, the status of Geo secondary sites stops getting updated. After 10 minutes, the status changes to Unhealthy.

Geo secondary sites continue to replicate and verify data, and the secondary sites should still be usable. You can use the Sync status Rake task to determine the actual status of a secondary site during Maintenance Mode.

This bug was fixed in GitLab 14.4.

Primary site returns 500 error when accessing /admin/geo/replication/projects

Navigating to Admin > Geo > Replication (or /admin/geo/replication/projects) on a primary Geo site, shows a 500 error, while that same link on the secondary works fine. The primary's production.log has a similar entry to the following:

Geo::TrackingBase::SecondaryNotConfigured: Geo secondary database is not configured
  from ee/app/models/geo/tracking_base.rb:26:in `connection'
  [..]
  from ee/app/views/admin/geo/projects/_all.html.haml:1

On a Geo primary site this error can be ignored.

This happens because GitLab is attempting to display registries from the Geo tracking database which doesn't exist on the primary site (only the original projects exist on the primary; no replicated projects are present, therefore no tracking database exists).

Secondary site returns 400 error "Request header or cookie too large"

This error can happen when the internal URL of the primary site is incorrect.

For example, when you use a unified URL and the primary site's internal URL is also equal to the external URL. This causes a loop when a secondary site proxies requests to the primary site's internal URL.

To fix this issue, set the primary site's internal URL to a URL that is:

  • Unique to the primary site.
  • Accessible from all secondary sites.
  1. Visit the primary site.
  2. Set up the internal URLs.

Secondary site returns Received HTTP code 403 from proxy after CONNECT

If you have installed GitLab using the Linux package (Omnibus) and have configured the no_proxy custom environment variable for Gitaly, you may experience this issue. Affected versions:

  • 15.4.6
  • 15.5.0-15.5.6
  • 15.6.0-15.6.3
  • 15.7.0-15.7.1

This is due to a bug introduced in the included version of cURL shipped with the Linux package 15.4.6 and later. You should upgrade to a later version where this has been fixed.

The bug causes all wildcard domains (.example.com) to be ignored except for the last on in the no_proxy environment variable list. Therefore, if for any reason you cannot upgrade to a newer version, you can work around the issue by moving your wildcard domain to the end of the list:

  1. Edit /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb:

    gitaly['env'] = {
  "no_proxy" => "sever.yourdomain.org, .yourdomain.com",
}

  2. Reconfigure GitLab:

    sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

You can have only one wildcard domain in the no_proxy list.

Secondary site shows "Unhealthy" in UI after changing the value of external_url for the primary site

If you have updated the value of external_url in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb for the primary site or changed the protocol from http to https, you may see that secondary sites are shown as Unhealthy. You may also find the following error in geo.log:

"class": "Geo::NodeStatusRequestService",
...
"message": "Failed to Net::HTTP::Post to primary url: http://primary-site.gitlab.tld/api/v4/geo/status",
  "error": "Failed to open TCP connection to <PRIMARY_IP_ADDRESS>:80 (Connection refused - connect(2) for \"<PRIMARY_ID_ADDRESS>\" port 80)"

In this case, make sure to update the changed URL on all your sites:

  1. On the left sidebar, expand the top-most chevron ({chevron-down}).
  2. Select Admin Area.
  3. On the left sidebar, select Geo > Sites.
  4. Change the URL and save the change.

Message: ERROR: canceling statement due to conflict with recovery during backup

Running a backup on a Geo secondary is not supported.

When running a backup on a secondary you might encounter the following error message:

Dumping PostgreSQL database gitlabhq_production ...
pg_dump: error: Dumping the contents of table "notes" failed: PQgetResult() failed.
pg_dump: error: Error message from server: ERROR:  canceling statement due to conflict with recovery
DETAIL:  User query might have needed to see row versions that must be removed.
pg_dump: error: The command was: COPY public.notes (id, note, [...], last_edited_at) TO stdout;

To prevent a database backup being made automatically during GitLab upgrades on your Geo secondaries, create the following empty file:

sudo touch /etc/gitlab/skip-auto-backup

Fixing non-PostgreSQL replication failures

If you notice replication failures in Admin > Geo > Sites or the Sync status Rake task, you can try to resolve the failures with the following general steps:

  1. Geo automatically retries failures. If the failures are new and few in number, or if you suspect the root cause is already resolved, then you can wait to see if the failures go away.
  2. If failures were present for a long time, then many retries have already occurred, and the interval between automatic retries has increased to up to 4 hours depending on the type of failure. If you suspect the root cause is already resolved, you can manually retry replication or verification.
  3. If the failures persist, use the following sections to try to resolve them.

Manually retry replication or verification

Project Git repositories and Project Wiki Git repositories have the ability in Admin > Geo > Replication to Resync all, Reverify all, or for a single resource, Resync or Reverify.

Adding this ability to other data types is proposed in issue 364725.

The following sections describe how to use internal application commands in the Rails console to cause replication or verification immediately.

WARNING: Commands that change data can cause damage if not run correctly or under the right conditions. Always run commands in a test environment first and have a backup instance ready to restore.

Blob types

  • Ci::JobArtifact
  • Ci::PipelineArtifact
  • Ci::SecureFile
  • LfsObject
  • MergeRequestDiff
  • Packages::PackageFile
  • PagesDeployment
  • Terraform::StateVersion
  • Upload

Packages::PackageFile is used in the following Rails console examples, but things generally work the same for the other types.

WARNING: Commands that change data can cause damage if not run correctly or under the right conditions. Always run commands in a test environment first and have a backup instance ready to restore.

The Replicator

The main kinds of classes are Registry, Model, and Replicator. If you have an instance of one of these classes, you can get the others. The Registry and Model mostly manage PostgreSQL DB state. The Replicator knows how to replicate/verify (or it can call a service to do it):

model_record = Packages::PackageFile.last
model_record.replicator.registry.replicator.model_record # just showing that these methods exist

Replicate a package file, synchronously, given an ID

model_record = Packages::PackageFile.find(id)
model_record.replicator.send(:download)

Replicate a package file, synchronously, given a registry ID

registry = Geo::PackageFileRegistry.find(registry_id)
registry.replicator.send(:download)

Find registry records of blobs that failed to sync

Geo::PackageFileRegistry.failed

Find registry records of blobs that are missing on the primary site

Geo::PackageFileRegistry.where(last_sync_failure: 'The file is missing on the Geo primary site')

Verify package files on the secondary manually

This iterates over all package files on the secondary, looking at the verification_checksum stored in the database (which came from the primary) and then calculate this value on the secondary to check if they match. This does not change anything in the UI.

For GitLab 14.4 and later:

# Run on secondary
status = {}

Packages::PackageFile.find_each do |package_file|
  primary_checksum = package_file.verification_checksum
  secondary_checksum = Packages::PackageFile.sha256_hexdigest(package_file.file.path)
  verification_status = (primary_checksum == secondary_checksum)

  status[verification_status.to_s] ||= []
  status[verification_status.to_s] << package_file.id
end

# Count how many of each value we get
status.keys.each {|key| puts "#{key} count: #{status[key].count}"}

# See the output in its entirety
status

For GitLab 14.3 and earlier:

# Run on secondary
status = {}

Packages::PackageFile.find_each do |package_file|
  primary_checksum = package_file.verification_checksum
  secondary_checksum = Packages::PackageFile.hexdigest(package_file.file.path)
  verification_status = (primary_checksum == secondary_checksum)

  status[verification_status.to_s] ||= []
  status[verification_status.to_s] << package_file.id
end

# Count how many of each value we get
status.keys.each {|key| puts "#{key} count: #{status[key].count}"}

# See the output in its entirety
status

Reverify all uploads (or any SSF data type which is verified)

  1. SSH into a GitLab Rails node in the primary Geo site.

  2. Open Rails console.

  3. Mark all uploads as "pending verification":

    Upload.verification_state_table_class.each_batch do |relation|
  relation.update_all(verification_state: 0)
end

  4. This causes the primary to start checksumming all Uploads.

  5. When a primary successfully checksums a record, then all secondaries recalculate the checksum as well, and they compare the values.

For other SSF data types replace Upload in the command above with the desired model class.

NOTE: There is an issue to implement this functionality in the Admin Area UI.

Repository types, except for project or project wiki repositories

  • SnippetRepository
  • GroupWikiRepository

SnippetRepository is used in the examples below, but things generally work the same for the other Repository types.

Start a Rails console session to enact the following, basic troubleshooting steps.

WARNING: Commands that change data can cause damage if not run correctly or under the right conditions. Always run commands in a test environment first and have a backup instance ready to restore.

The Replicator

The main kinds of classes are Registry, Model, and Replicator. If you have an instance of one of these classes, you can get the others. The Registry and Model mostly manage PostgreSQL DB state. The Replicator knows how to replicate/verify (or it can call a service to do it).

model_record = SnippetRepository.last
model_record.replicator.registry.replicator.model_record # just showing that these methods exist

Replicate a snippet repository, synchronously, given an ID

model_record = SnippetRepository.find(id)
model_record.replicator.send(:sync_repository)

Replicate a snippet repository, synchronously, given a registry ID

registry = Geo::SnippetRepositoryRegistry.find(registry_id)
registry.replicator.send(:sync_repository)

Project or project wiki repositories

Find repository verification failures

Start a Rails console session on the secondary Geo site to gather more information.

WARNING: Commands that change data can cause damage if not run correctly or under the right conditions. Always run commands in a test environment first and have a backup instance ready to restore.

Get the number of verification failed repositories
Geo::ProjectRegistry.verification_failed('repository').count
Find the verification failed repositories
Geo::ProjectRegistry.verification_failed('repository')
Find repositories that failed to sync
Geo::ProjectRegistry.sync_failed('repository')

Resync project and project wiki repositories

Start a Rails console session on the secondary Geo site to perform the following changes.

WARNING: Commands that change data can cause damage if not run correctly or under the right conditions. Always run commands in a test environment first and have a backup instance ready to restore.

Queue up all repositories for resync

When you run this, the sync is handled in the background by Sidekiq.

Geo::ProjectRegistry.update_all(resync_repository: true, resync_wiki: true)
Sync individual repository now
project = Project.find_by_full_path('<group/project>')

Geo::RepositorySyncService.new(project).execute
Sync all failed repositories now

The following script:

  • Loops over all currently failed repositories.
  • Displays the project details and the reasons for the last failure.
  • Attempts to resync the repository.
  • Reports back if a failure occurs, and why.
Geo::ProjectRegistry.sync_failed('repository').find_each do |p|
   begin
     project = p.project
     puts "#{project.full_path} | id: #{p.project_id} | last error: '#{p.last_repository_sync_failure}'"
     Geo::RepositorySyncService.new(project).execute
   rescue => e
     puts "ID: #{p.project_id} failed: '#{e}'", e.backtrace.join("\n")
   end
end ; nil

Find repository check failures in a Geo secondary site

When enabled for all projects, Repository checks are also performed on Geo secondary sites. The metadata is stored in the Geo tracking database.

Repository check failures on a Geo secondary site do not necessarily imply a replication problem. Here is a general approach to resolve these failures.

  1. Find affected repositories as mentioned below, as well as their logged errors.
  2. Try to diagnose specific git fsck errors. The range of possible errors is wide, try putting them into search engines.
  3. Test typical functions of the affected repositories. Pull from the secondary, view the files.
  4. Check if the primary site's copy of the repository has an identical git fsck error. If you are planning a failover, then consider prioritizing that the secondary site has the same information that the primary site has. Ensure you have a backup of the primary, and follow planned failover guidelines.
  5. Push to the primary and check if the change gets replicated to the secondary site.
  6. If replication is not automatically working, try to manually sync the repository.

Start a Rails console session to enact the following, basic troubleshooting steps.

WARNING: Commands that change data can cause damage if not run correctly or under the right conditions. Always run commands in a test environment first and have a backup instance ready to restore.

Get the number of repositories that failed the repository check
Geo::ProjectRegistry.where(last_repository_check_failed: true).count
Find the repositories that failed the repository check
Geo::ProjectRegistry.where(last_repository_check_failed: true)
Recheck repositories that failed the repository check

When you run this, fsck is executed against each failed repository.

The fsck Rake command can be used on the secondary site to understand why the repository check might be failing.

Geo::ProjectRegistry.where(last_repository_check_failed: true).each do |pr|
    RepositoryCheck::SingleRepositoryWorker.new.perform(pr.project_id)
end

Fixing client errors

Authorization errors from LFS HTTP(S) client requests

You may have problems if you're running a version of Git LFS before 2.4.2. As noted in this authentication issue, requests redirected from the secondary to the primary site do not properly send the Authorization header. This may result in either an infinite Authorization <-> Redirect loop, or Authorization error messages.

Error: Net::ReadTimeout when pushing through SSH on a Geo secondary

When you push large repositories through SSH on a Geo secondary site, you may encounter a timeout. This is because Rails proxies the push to the primary and has a 60 second default timeout, as described in this Geo issue.

Current workarounds are:

  • Push through HTTP instead, where Workhorse proxies the request to the primary (or redirects to the primary if Geo proxying is not enabled).
  • Push directly to the primary.

Example log (gitlab-shell.log):

Failed to contact primary https://primary.domain.com/namespace/push_test.git\\nError: Net::ReadTimeout\",\"result\":null}" code=500 method=POST pid=5483 url="http://127.0.0.1:3000/api/v4/geo/proxy_git_push_ssh/push"

Recovering from a partial failover

The partial failover to a secondary Geo site may be the result of a temporary/transient issue. Therefore, first attempt to run the promote command again.

  1. SSH into every Sidekiq, PostgreSQL, Gitaly, and Rails node in the secondary site and run one of the following commands:

    • To promote the secondary site to primary:

      sudo gitlab-ctl geo promote

    • To promote the secondary site to primary without any further confirmation:

      sudo gitlab-ctl geo promote --force

  2. Verify you can connect to the newly-promoted primary site using the URL used previously for the secondary site.

  3. If successful, the secondary site is now promoted to the primary site.

If the above steps are not successful, proceed through the next steps:

  1. SSH to every Sidekiq, PostgreSQL, Gitaly and Rails node in the secondary site and perform the following operations:

    • Create a /etc/gitlab/gitlab-cluster.json file with the following content:

      {
  "primary": true,
  "secondary": false
}

    • Reconfigure GitLab for the changes to take effect:

      sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

  2. Verify you can connect to the newly-promoted primary site using the URL used previously for the secondary site.

  3. If successful, the secondary site is now promoted to the primary site.

Check OS locale data compatibility

If different operating systems or different operating system versions are deployed across Geo sites, you should perform a locale data compatibility check before setting up Geo.

Geo uses PostgreSQL and Streaming Replication to replicate data across Geo sites. PostgreSQL uses locale data provided by the operating system's C library for sorting text. If the locale data in the C library is incompatible across Geo sites, it can cause erroneous query results that lead to incorrect behavior on secondary sites.

For example, Ubuntu 18.04 (and earlier) and RHEL/Centos7 (and earlier) are incompatible with their later releases. See the PostgreSQL wiki for more details.

On all hosts running PostgreSQL, across all Geo sites, run the following shell command:

( echo "1-1"; echo "11" ) | LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8 sort

The output looks like either:

1-1
11

or the reverse order:

11
1-1

If the output is identical on all hosts, then they running compatible versions of locale data.

If the output differs on some hosts, PostgreSQL replication does not work properly: indexes are corrupted on the database replicas. You should select operating system versions that are compatible.

A full index rebuild is required if the on-disk data is transferred 'at rest' to an operating system with an incompatible locale, or through replication.

This check is also required when using a mixture of GitLab deployments. The locale might be different between an Linux package install, a GitLab Docker container, a Helm chart deployment, or external database services.

Investigate causes of database replication lag

If the output of sudo gitlab-rake geo:status shows that Database replication lag remains significantly high over time, the primary node in database replication can be checked to determine the status of lag for different parts of the database replication process. These values are known as write_lag, flush_lag, and replay_lag. For more information, see the official PostgreSQL documentation.

Run the following command from the primary Geo node's database to provide relevant output:

gitlab-psql -xc 'SELECT write_lag,flush_lag,replay_lag FROM pg_stat_replication;'

-[ RECORD 1 ]---------------
write_lag  | 00:00:00.072392
flush_lag  | 00:00:00.108168
replay_lag | 00:00:00.108283

If one or more of these values is significantly high, this could indicate a problem and should be investigated further. When determining the cause, consider that:

  • write_lag indicates the time since when WAL bytes have been sent by the primary, then received to the secondary, but not yet flushed or applied.
  • A high write_lag value may indicate degraded network performance or insufficient network speed between the primary and secondary nodes.
  • A high flush_lag value may indicate degraded or sub-optimal disk I/O performance with the secondary node's storage device.
  • A high replay_lag value may indicate long running transactions in PostgreSQL, or the saturation of a needed resource like the CPU.
  • The difference in time between write_lag and flush_lag indicates that WAL bytes have been sent to the underlying storage system, but it has not reported that they were flushed. This data is most likely not fully written to a persistent storage, and likely held in some kind of volatile write cache.
  • The difference between flush_lag and replay_lag indicates WAL bytes that have been successfully persisted to storage, but could not be replayed by the database system.